In entrepreneurship and business, citing your research adds credibility to your work by showing:
Expectations for citations should adhere to their context. Anything submitted for a class assignment must adhere to academic integrity guidelines - in other words: cite your work.
The key in both situations is to make the information you use as easy to identify and retrieve as possible for your audience.
A pitch deck not intended for academic contexts has less stringent citation requirements. But this doesn't mean you shouldn't cite your research - just keep it simple!
Open Source
If you're citing something that's openly available online, include the source's name and link it, along with the title and year of publication.
Example
Source: Pew Research Center, 10 tech-related trends that shaped the decade, 2019
Proprietary Source
If you're citing proprietary information from a library database, include the name of the publisher (the database), the title, and the year of publication.
Example
Source: IBISWorld, Gym & Fitness Franchises, 2020
Primary Research
If you're citing data or information collected through your own primary research (e.g., surveys, interviews, or focus groups), include a short description of your research method and participants, along with the year the research was conducted.
Example
Source: UCI Team's survey of 10 gym managers, 2020
The citation style required for assignments will vary by discipline.
The UCI Libraries: Citation Guide covers:
APA is the preferred citation style in the field of business. Here are some helpful resources for using APA:
Want help keeping track of your research?
Bibliographic Management Software helps you create a bibliography and keep track of your citations.
APA (American Psychological Association) Style
Examples
Industry / Market Research Reports |
Known Author
|
Company Profiles |
Standard & Poor's. (n.d.). Netflix, Inc. [Company profile]. Capital IQ. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from https://www.capitaliq.com/CIQDotNet/company.aspx?companyId=32012
|
News Article |
Ansberry, C. (2020, August 31). An Alzheimer’s quest: Enrolling more black people in clinical trials. The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/an-alzheimers-quest-enrolling-more-black-people-in-clinical-trials-11598891561?st=hgv6g72f2jrvgd2
|
Journal Article |
Galloway, M. K., Callin, P., James, S., Vimegnon, H., & McCall, L. (2019). Culturally responsive, antiracist, or anti-oppressive? How language matters for school change efforts. Equity & Excellence in Education, 52(4), 485–501. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2019.1691959
|
Book |
Kendi, I.X. (2019). How to be an antiracist. Random House Publishing Group.
|
Podcast |
Thomas, T. (2019, September 23). The short stacks 22: Ibram X. Kendi//How to be an antiracist [Audio podcast]. The Stacks. https://thestackspodcast.com/2019/09/22/ss22/
|
Tip!
Business resources may lack stable article URLs that you can use in a citation.
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Content adapted from Citing for startups by Carey Toane, University of Toronto Libraries