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History

Information resources for UCI students, faculty, and staff interested in the field of history.

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History Research: A Brief Overview

TYPES OF HISTORY RESEARCH

Your professor may require you to find scholarly sources  popular sources, secondary sources or primary sources on your topic. Here's a very basic guide if you need more details:

Primary Sources: Primary sources are the raw stuff of history. Examples of primary sources:

  • diaries and journals
  • documents,
  • newspaper or magazine articles,
  • statistics,
  • novels, plays, or poetry
  • reports, autobiographies, memoirs, or books written during the time of an event

Some Primary Sources maybe be considered popular sources, but they are of the time that you are researching.

Secondary or Scholarly Sources: 

These are the peer reviewed articles and scholarly books that historians write after they have worked with the primary sources -- and consulted other secondary articles or books.  

Historiography: Historiography is the study of how historians have interpreted historical events throughout time. One way of doing this comparative interpretation, is looking for bibliographies on a subject or using the keyword "historiography" in UC Library Search or an online scholarly database such as Historical Abstracts or America: History and Life.

Want more information about primary resources? Check out the Primary Resources Research Guide!

Before You Start Searching

Before you start searching for resources, think about what exactly you will search for.

  • Write down key words, phrases, names and dates that might relate to you topic.
  • Think about historical language as well as modern.
  • Put phrases with words that need to be together in a certain order inside "quotation marks"

How do you come up with the words to write down?

  • If you have a course textbook, notes from faculty lectures, start with terminology you find there
  • Read encyclopedia entries about a related person, place, event, or concept to get ideas for more words. Wikipedia is an easy place to start, but for more in-depth information, please see Reference Databases (below) with more detailed information.
  • Search the Oxford Historical Thesaurus (part of the Oxford English Dictionary) to discover historical synonyms for modern words
  • As you find primary and secondary sources, see what language they use, and add new terms to your list ot help you refine additional searches