Urban Planning & Public Policy: International Development

Ratings are based on three broad categories: the legal environment in which media operate, political influences on reporting and access to information, and economic pressures on content and the dissemination of news. From 1980-93, the countries are categorized as "Free," "Partly Free," or "Not Free." From 1994 onwards, both category designations and numerical rating from 0 (the most free) to 100 (the least free) are given.

allows users to go back in time to create and explore the historical layers of city spaces in an interactive, hypermedia environment.

(2000- ) from Committee to Protect Journalist

(1992- ) from Committee to Protect Journalist

Lists of countries with the following prison statistics from highest and lowest:

* prison population total,
* prison population rate,
* percentage of pre-trial detainees / remand prisoners within the prison population,
* percentage of female prisoners within the prison population,
* percentage of foreign prisoners within the prison population,
* occupancy rate.

It is a simple average of three indicators: percentage of children who reach fifth grade; survival until the fifth year of age (based on mortality among children under five); and percentage of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel.

It is based on 11 Information and Communication Technology (ICT) indicators, grouped in 3 clusters: opportunity, infrastructure and utilization. The 2003 DOI covers 40 countries; subsequent DOI covers over 180 economies.

The HDI is a summary composite index that measures a country's average achievements in three basic aspects of human development:

* Health - measured by life expectancy at birth;
* Knowledge - measured by a combination of the adult literacy rate and the combined primary, secondary, and tertiary gross enrolment ratio;
* Standard of living - measured by GDP per capita (PPP US$).

The Human Development Report Offices strongly advises against constructing HDI trend analysis based on the HDI published in different editions of the Human Development Report. Due to revisions to the data series for some or all of the components of the HDI, changes in the HDI methodology, or variations in the country coverage, the HDI values and rankings presented in the 1990 through 2007/2008 editions of the Human Development Report are not directly comparable. For the most up-to-date HDI trend data based on consistent country coverage, methodology and data, use the table for years 1975,1980,1985,1990,1995,2000,2005.

The HRI assesses and ranks wealthy countries against their commitment to improve the quality and effectivess of their humanitarian assistance. It uses over 50 indicators, organised into five Pillars, which capture the essence of the Principles of Good Humanitarian Donorship, which -- . Responding to humanitarian needs; Supporting local capacity and recovery; Working with humanitarian partners; Promoting standards and enhancing implementation; Learning and accountability.

The ICT-OI uses ten indicators that help measure Information and Communication Technology networks, population education and skills, uptake and intensity of the use of ICT. Is the result of the merger of the ITU's Digital Access Index (DAI) and Orbicom's Digital Divide Index. The ICT-OI and the Digital Opportunity Index illustrate different aspects of the digital divide.

The Prosperity Index ranks 50 (2007) and 104 (2008) nations by how well they are doing the kinds of things necessary to raise GDP (i.e., promoting economic competitiveness) and to raise average subjective wellbeing or life satisfaction (i.e., promoting comparative liveability). It is an index of the drivers of prosperity rather than an index of prosperity outcomes.

It is based on a mixture of hard data and survey data from the annual Executive Opinion Survey.

Measures the regulatory environment of 181 countries that is conducive to the operation of business using the indicators:

* Starting a business
* Dealing with construction permits
* Employing workers
* Registering property
* Getting credit
* Protecting investors
* Paying taxes
* Trading across borders
* Enforcing contracts
* Closing a business

The cornerstones of economic freedom are personal choice, voluntary exchange, freedom to compete, and security of privately owned property. Thirty-eight data points are used to construct a summary index and to measure the degree of economic freedom in five areas: size of government; legal structure and security of property rights; access to sound money; freedom to trade internationally; and regulation of credit, labour and business.

The methodology of this index has changed considerably over the years. The most recent index is based on 12 pillars of competitiveness, each of which is also ranked:

* Institutions
* Infrastructure
* Macroeconomic Stability
* Health and Primary Education
* Higher Education and Training
* Goods Market Efficiency
* Labour Market Efficiency
* Financial Market Sophistication
* Technological Readiness
* Market Size
* Business Sophistication
* Innovation.

(2004- ) A.T. Kearney

(2001- ) from Foreign Policy Magazine and A.T. Kearney

Is a simple average of 10 individual freedoms, each of which is vital to the development of personal and national prosperity: business freedom; trade freedom; fiscal freedom; government size; monetary freedom; investment freedom; financial freedom; property rights; freedom from corruption; and labor freedom.

Starting with 2006 also has scores for: electoral process; political pluralism and participation; functioning of government; freedom of expression and belief; associational and organizational rights; rule of law; personal autonomy and individual rights.

from Privacy International

An annual ranking of how much privacy nations' populations have from both corporative and government surveillance.

The data used in compiling this index comes from the yearly country reports of Amnesty International and the U.S. State Department Country Reports on Human Rights Practices.

from U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants

Grades for 2005 to 2007 can be found in the "Country Updates" section of the World Refugee Survey. The report card grades host countries based on 4 criteria:
* Refoulement/Physical protection
* Detention/Access to courts
* Freedom of movement and residence
* Right to earn a livelihood.

(2005 only) from South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission (SOPAC) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Ranks 149 countries on 25 indicators tracked across six established policy categories: Environmental Health, Air Pollution, Water Resources, Biodiversity and Habitat, Productive Natural Resources, and Climate Change.

(2000-2002, 2005) from Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy and Center for International Earth Science Information Network

(2008) from Social Watch

Ratings are given for five categories:

* Non-Discrimination and Access to Justice
* Autonomy, Security, and Freedom of the Person
* Economic Rights and Equal Opportunity
* Political Rights and Civic Voice
* Social and Cultural Right.