Skip to Main Content

Citation Styles & Tools

What your citation looks like depends on the style that your academic discipline follows. If you don't know where to start (and if your instructor hasn't specified a style guide to follow), read through the overview of common citation styles.

Email this link:

IEEE Style Resources

IEEE referencing - The Basics from Victoria University Library on Vimeo.

I Need Help Formatting My Citations!

UCI Center for Excellence in Writing & Communication

For assistance with any of your writing, please visit Center for Excellence in Writing and Communication at the Science Library.

IEEE Style

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) citation style is commonly used in electronics, computer engineering, computer science, and other areas of engineering. 

IEEE citation style uses bracketed numbers in in-text citations to refer to the full reference at the end of the paper, as described in the IEEE Reference Guide.

Core Components of a Citation

The IEEE Reference Guide outlines five core elements to a citation. The core elements are arranged in a specific format. 

[#] First name initial and author surname. Title of Source, in Title of Container, xth ed. City of Publisher (only U.S. State), Country:  Abbreviation of Publisher, Publication year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx. 

Sample citations

Journal article

[1] E. A. Etukudoh, et al, “Electrical engineering in renewable energy systems: a review of design and integration challenges,” Engineering Science & Technology Journal, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 231-244, January, 2024.

In-Text Citation: [1]

 

Newspaper article from a full text database

[2] J. Riley, "Call for new look at skilled migrants," The Australian, p. 35, May 31, 2005. [Online]. Available: Factiva, http://global.factiva.com.2

In-Text Citation: [2]

Published thesis

[3] M. Lehmann, Data Access in Workflow Management Systems. Berlin: Aka, 2006..

In-Text Citation: [3]

Book

[4] F. J. Hopcraft, A. Charest, “Effective Presentation of the Data to Others,” in Experiment design for civil engineering: methods and examples, 1st ed. Boca Raton, LA., CRC Press, 2023, ch. 7, pp. 57-65.

In-Text Citation: [4]

Conference material

Conference paper (print)

[5] R.S. Adams and J.A. Siddiqui, Eds., “Analyzing design review conversations” in International Design Thinking Research Symposium, West Lafayette, 2016.

In-Text Citation: [5]

Conference paper (online)

[6] L. Jin; et al, “Performance prediction of single-longitudinal-mode operation in Pr:YLF laser under pre-lase technology,” in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Beijing, 2020,  pp. 115620I-115620I-6, doi: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2576221.

In-Text Citation: [6]

Conference proceedings

[7] X. Zhang et al., "Experimental studies of the DOI decoding accuracy of PET detectors with light sharing window," in 2018 IEEE Nuclear Sci. Symp. and Med. Imag. Conf. Proc. (NSS/MIC), 2018, pp. 1-2.

In-Text Citation: [7]

Dataset

[8] H. Lotfi, K. Douayri, H. Bouarir, and O. Boubker, 2023, “Dataset on civil engineering students' entrepreneurial intentions.” Zenodo, doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.8048414.

In-Text Citation: [8]

Technical report

[9] R. A. Bush, J. L. Dickeson, W. E. Hamilton, “An Overview of NHRC Medical Engineering Process” Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA, ADA462166, 71 Oct 2002-1 Jul 2005.

In-Text Citation: [9]

Government document

[10] National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA Pocket Statistics. Washington, DC: Office of Headquarters Operations, 2007.

In-Text Citation: [10]