Political Science: Citation

Association of Legal Writing Directors. Introductory material -- Citation basics -- Citing specific print sources -- Electronic sources -- Incorporating citations into documents -- Quotations -- Appendices.

Author: Peter Martin. This [ONLINE] work was most recently revised in May 2007 to reflect changes appearing in the third edition of the ALWD Citation Manual, published in 2006.

The Bluebook [IN PRINT] is available at the Langson "Ask Us" Reference Desk. Call # KF 245 U55. Basic Legal Citation (LII 2007) [above] by Peter Martin provides free online Bluebook information.

The Bluebook Blues Written by Richard A. Posner, 120 Yale L.J. 850 (2011). Review of The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation By the Columbia Law Review, the Harvard Law Review, the University of Pennsylvania Law Review, and The Yale Law Journal. Cambridge, Mass.: The Harvard Law Review Association, 19th ed., 2010.

The Cardiff U site [ONLINE] provides the full title from the abbreviations for legal publications. It covers case reporters and legal journals from the British Isles, Commonwealth, and U.S., including those covering int'l and comparative law...

Fantastic, free [ONLINE] site provides resources specifically pertaining to legal research and writing, with a focus on resources useful to the process of citing authorities properly...

"Asserting that one must first know the rules to break them, this classic reference book is a must-have for any student and conscientious writer...

The main link to APA style. Contains links to the most popular APA material. There are links to publications for purchase that are commonly used.

In case you thought you knew everything, this blog addresses some less common issues you might encounter. It provides insight into the rationale of APA style as seen by its producers.

Free tutorials and FAQs from the American Psychological Association (APA).

Software that make citing your sources easy.

"Zotero [zoh-TAIR-oh] is a free, easy-to-use tool to help you collect, organize, cite, and share your research sources."

"Mendeley is a free reference manager and academic social network. Make your own fully-searchable library in seconds, cite as you write, and read and annotate your PDFs on any device..."

Clarivate Analytics rarely promotes the EndNote Basic online citation management tool because it's the corporation's free online version of the more robust (and for sale) EndNote X9 citation management software program (available at The Hill and online everywhere). Still, EndNote Basic works well with certain research platforms so that saving, sharing, and referencing research work product becomes far less tedious and far more efficient.

A free account can be created here.

EndNote Basic (formerly known as Endnote Web and also known as Endnote Online) is a simplified, web-based version of the EndNote citation management program. As long as you have an internet connection, you can search the Web of Science or any free database (PubMed or library catalogs), import citations, import citations from a text file, and store and organize citations in EndNote Bas

"APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (6th ed., 2nd printing)."

"Free | This free tutorial is designed for those who have no previous knowledge of APA Style. It shows users how to structure and format their work, recommends ways to reduce bias in language, identifies how to avoid charges of plagiarism, shows how to cite references in text, and provides selected reference examples."

Helpful "Quick Answers" section respond to common citation questions.

A quick resource for citing references in papers using the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (2010). Provided by The Writing Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Thoughtful answers to questions about the 6th edition of the APA Publication Manual published in 2010.

Designed by Duke University, this guide provides answers to specific questions related to citing sources, a comparative look at formats for APA, Chicago, MLA and Turabian.

Prepared for and preferred by the American Anthropological Association (AAA). Citation examples listed from pages 10-14.

A thorough resource that provides an introductory yet comprehensive review of differing citation methodology. Available at Langston Library call number: PN171.F56 L55 2006.

This classic work by William Strunk is intended for use in which the practice of composition is combined with the study of literature. It gives the main requirements of plain English style and concentrates on the rules of usage most often abused.

MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (8th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.

Visit the Purdue Owl Online Writing Lab for detailed online help on using MLA, APA, Chicago Manual of Style.